hive0.14-insert、update、delete操作测试

问题导读

1.测试insert报错，该如何解决？
2.hive delete和update报错，该如何解决？
3.什么情况下才允许delete和update？






首先用最普通的建表语句建一个表：

hive>create table test(id int,name string)row format delimited fields terminated by ',';  
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测试insert：

insert into table test values (1,'row1'),(2,'row2');  
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结果报错：

java.io.FileNotFoundException: File does not exist: hdfs://127.0.0.1:9000/home/hadoop/git/hive/packaging/target/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/
apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/lib/curator-client-2.6.0.jar
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem$17.doCall(DistributedFileSystem.java:1128)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem$17.doCall(DistributedFileSystem.java:1120)
        at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystemLinkResolver.resolve(FileSystemLinkResolver.java:81)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem.getFileStatus(DistributedFileSystem.java:1120)
        at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.filecache.ClientDistributedCacheManager.getFileStatus(ClientDistributedCacheManager.java:288)
        at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.filecache.ClientDistributedCacheManager.getFileStatus(ClientDistributedCacheManager.java:224)
        at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.filecache.ClientDistributedCacheManager.determineTimestamps(ClientDistributedCacheManager.java:99)
        at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.filecache.ClientDistributedCacheManager.determineTimestampsAndCacheVisibilities(ClientDistributedCacheManager.java:57)
        at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.copyAndConfigureFiles(JobSubmitter.java:265)
        at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.copyAndConfigureFiles(JobSubmitter.java:301)
        at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.submitJobInternal(JobSubmitter.java:389)
        at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$10.run(Job.java:1285)
        at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$10.run(Job.java:1282)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        ......
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貌似往hdfs上找jar包了，小问题，直接把lib下的jar包上传到hdfs

hadoop fs -mkdir -p /home/hadoop/git/hive/packaging/target/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/lib/
hadoop fs -put $HIVE_HOME/lib/* /home/hadoop/git/hive/packaging/target/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/lib/
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接着运行insert，没有问题，接下来测试delete

hive>delete from test where id = 1;  
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报错！：
FAILED: SemanticException [Error 10294]: Attempt to do update or delete using transaction manager that does not support these operations.
说是在使用的转换管理器不支持update跟delete操作。
原来要支持update操作跟delete操作，必须额外再配置一些东西，见：
https://cwiki.apache.org/conflue ... tersforTransactions
根据提示配置hive-site.xml:

    hive.support.concurrency – true
    hive.enforce.bucketing – true
    hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode – nonstrict
    hive.txn.manager – org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.lockmgr.DbTxnManager
    hive.compactor.initiator.on – true
    hive.compactor.worker.threads – 1
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配置完以为能够顺利运行了，谁知开始报下面这个错误：

FAILED: LockException [Error 10280]: Error communicating with the metastore  
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与元数据库出现了问题，修改log为DEBUG查看具体错误：

4-11-04 14:20:14,367 DEBUG [Thread-8]: txn.CompactionTxnHandler (CompactionTxnHandler.java:findReadyToClean(265)) - Going to execute query <select cq_id,   
cq_database, cq_table, cq_partition, cq_type, cq_run_as from COMPACTION_QUEUE where cq_state = 'r'>  
2014-11-04 14:20:14,367 ERROR [Thread-8]: txn.CompactionTxnHandler (CompactionTxnHandler.java:findReadyToClean(285)) - Unable to select next element for cleaning,  
 Table 'hive.COMPACTION_QUEUE' doesn't exist  
2014-11-04 14:20:14,367 DEBUG [Thread-8]: txn.CompactionTxnHandler (CompactionTxnHandler.java:findReadyToClean(287)) - Going to rollback  
2014-11-04 14:20:14,368 ERROR [Thread-8]: compactor.Cleaner (Cleaner.java:run(143)) - Caught an exception in the main loop of compactor cleaner, MetaException(message  
:Unable to connect to transaction database com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Table 'hive.COMPACTION_QUEUE' doesn't exist  
    at sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor19.newInstance(Unknown Source)  
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)  
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)  
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:409)  
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在元数据库中找不到COMPACTION_QUEUE这个表，赶紧去mysql中查看，确实没有这个表。怎么会没有这个表呢？找了很久都没找到什么原因，查源码吧。
在org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.txn下的TxnDbUtil类中找到了建表语句，顺藤摸瓜，找到了下面这个方法会调用建表语句：

private void checkQFileTestHack() {  
    boolean hackOn = HiveConf.getBoolVar(conf, HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVE_IN_TEST) ||  
        HiveConf.getBoolVar(conf, HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVE_IN_TEZ_TEST);  
    if (hackOn) {  
      LOG.info("Hacking in canned values for transaction manager");  
      // Set up the transaction/locking db in the derby metastore  
      TxnDbUtil.setConfValues(conf);  
      try {  
        TxnDbUtil.prepDb();  
      } catch (Exception e) {  
        // We may have already created the tables and thus don't need to redo it.  
        if (!e.getMessage().contains("already exists")) {  
          throw new RuntimeException("Unable to set up transaction database for" +  
              " testing: " + e.getMessage());  
        }  
      }  
    }  
  }  
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什么意思呢，就是说要运行建表语句还有一个条件：HIVE_IN_TEST或者HIVE_IN_TEZ_TEST.只有在测试环境中才能用delete，update操作，也可以理解，毕竟还没有开发完全。
终于找到原因，解决方法也很简单：在hive-site.xml中添加下面的配置：

<property>
<name>hive.in.test</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
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OK,再重新启动服务，再运行delete：

hive>delete from test where id = 1;
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又报错：

FAILED: SemanticException [Error 10297]: Attempt to do update or delete on table default.test that does not use an AcidOutputFormat or is not bucketed
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说是要进行delete操作的表test不是AcidOutputFormat或没有分桶。估计是要求输出是AcidOutputFormat然后必须分桶
网上查到确实如此，而且目前只有ORCFileformat支持AcidOutputFormat，不仅如此建表时必须指定参数('transactional' = true)。感觉太麻烦了。。。。
于是按照网上示例建表：

hive>create table test(id int ,name string )clustered by (id) into 2 buckets stored as orc TBLPROPERTIES('transactional'='true');
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insert

hive>insert into table test values (1,'row1'),(2,'row2'),(3,'row3');
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delete

hive>delete from test where id = 1;
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update

hive>update test set name = 'Raj' where id = 2;
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OK!全部顺利运行，不过貌似效率太低了，基本都要30s左右，估计应该可以优化，再研究研究

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感谢分享~~~~~~~~~

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谢谢你的实战经验

牛人，大拿，好东西要经常分享

楼主，用hive>insert into table test values (1,'row1'),(2,'row2'),(3,'row3'); 这种方式往hive中插入中文乱码怎么破？

很牛逼，但是这功能出现破环了hive的本身初衷，还是不能删除比较好，因为毕竟hive是作为数据仓库。

学习了