HBase Shell常用命令

本帖最后由 pig2 于 2014-5-16 05:15 编辑

Hbase shell

下面我们看看HBase Shell的一些基本操作命令，我列出了几个常用的HBase Shell命令，如下：

名称	命令表达式
创建表	create '表名称', '列名称1','列名称2','列名称N'
添加记录	put '表名称', '行名称', '列名称:', '值'
查看记录	get '表名称', '行名称'
查看表中的记录总数	count '表名称'
删除记录	delete '表名' ,'行名称' , '列名称'
删除一张表	先要屏蔽该表，才能对该表进行删除，第一步 disable '表名称' 第二步 drop '表名称'
查看所有记录	scan "表名称"
查看某个表某个列中所有数据	scan "表名称" , ['列名称:']
更新记录	就是重写一遍进行覆盖

一、一般操作
1.查询服务器状态
hbase(main):024:0>status
3 servers, 0 dead,1.0000 average load

2.查询hive版本

hbase(main):025:0>version
0.90.4, r1150278,Sun Jul 24 15:53:29 PDT 2011

二、DDL操作

1.创建一个表
hbase(main):011:0>create 'member','member_id','address','info'
0 row(s) in 1.2210seconds

2.获得表的描述
hbase(main):012:0>list
TABLE
member
1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds
hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'
DESCRIPTION                                                                                        ENABLED
{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', true
  VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa
lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI
ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false',
BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]}
1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds

3.删除一个列族，alter，disable，enable
我们之前建了3个列族，但是发现member_id这个列族是多余的，因为他就是主键，所以我们要将其删除。
hbase(main):003:0>alter 'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'}

ERROR: Table memberis enabled. Disable it first before altering.

报错，删除列族的时候必须先将表给disable掉。
hbase(main):004:0>disable 'member'
0 row(s) in 2.0390seconds
hbase(main):005:0>alter'member',NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'
0 row(s) in 0.0560seconds
hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'
DESCRIPTION                                                                                        ENABLED
{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0',false
  VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa
lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI
ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false',
BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]}
1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds
该列族已经删除，我们继续将表enable
hbase(main):008:0> enable 'member'
0 row(s) in 2.0420seconds

4.列出所有的表
hbase(main):028:0>list
TABLE
member
temp_table
2 row(s) in 0.0150seconds

5.drop一个表
hbase(main):029:0>disable 'temp_table'
0 row(s) in 2.0590seconds

hbase(main):030:0>drop 'temp_table'
0 row(s) in 1.1070seconds

6.查询表是否存在
hbase(main):021:0>exists 'member'
Table member doesexist
0 row(s) in 0.1610seconds

7.判断表是否enable
hbase(main):034:0>is_enabled 'member'
true
0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds

8.判断表是否disable
hbase(main):032:0>is_disabled 'member'
false
0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds

三、DML操作

1.插入几条记录
put'member','scutshuxue','info:age','24'
put'member','scutshuxue','info:birthday','1987-06-17'
put'member','scutshuxue','info:company','alibaba'
put'member','scutshuxue','address:contry','china'
put'member','scutshuxue','address:province','zhejiang'
put'member','scutshuxue','address:city','hangzhou'

put'member','xiaofeng','info:birthday','1987-4-17'
put'member','xiaofeng','info:favorite','movie'
put'member','xiaofeng','info:company','alibaba'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:contry','china'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:province','guangdong'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:city','jieyang'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:town','xianqiao'

2.获取一条数据
获取一个id的所有数据
hbase(main):001:0>get 'member','scutshuxue'
COLUMN                                  CELL
address:city                         timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou
address:contry                      timestamp=1321586239126, value=china
address:province                      timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang
info:age                            timestamp=1321586238965, value=24
info:birthday                         timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17
info:company                         timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba
6 row(s) in 0.4720seconds

获取一个id，一个列族的所有数据
hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info'
COLUMN                                  CELL
info:age                            timestamp=1321586238965, value=24
info:birthday                         timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17
info:company                         timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba
3 row(s) in 0.0210seconds

获取一个id，一个列族中一个列的所有数据
hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age'
COLUMN                                  CELL
info:age                            timestamp=1321586238965, value=24
1 row(s) in 0.0320seconds

6.更新一条记录
将scutshuxue的年龄改成99
hbase(main):004:0>put 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' ,'99'
0 row(s) in 0.0210seconds

hbase(main):005:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age'
COLUMN                                  CELL
info:age                            timestamp=1321586571843, value=99
1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds

3.通过timestamp来获取两个版本的数据
hbase(main):010:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586238965}
COLUMN                                  CELL
info:age                            timestamp=1321586238965, value=24
1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds

hbase(main):011:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586571843}
COLUMN                                  CELL
info:age                            timestamp=1321586571843, value=99
1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds

4.全表扫描：
hbase(main):013:0>scan 'member'
ROW                                  COLUMN+CELL
scutshuxue                            column=address:city, timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou
scutshuxue                            column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586239126, value=china
scutshuxue                            column=address:province, timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang
scutshuxue                            column=info:age,timestamp=1321586571843, value=99
scutshuxue                            column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17
scutshuxue                            column=info:company, timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba
temp                                  column=info:age, timestamp=1321589609775, value=59
xiaofeng                            column=address:city, timestamp=1321586248400, value=jieyang
xiaofeng                            column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586248316, value=china
xiaofeng                            column=address:province, timestamp=1321586248355, value=guangdong
xiaofeng                            column=address:town, timestamp=1321586249564, value=xianqiao
xiaofeng                            column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586248202, value=1987-4-17
xiaofeng                            column=info:company, timestamp=1321586248277, value=alibaba
xiaofeng                            column=info:favorite, timestamp=1321586248241, value=movie
3 row(s) in 0.0570seconds

5.删除id为temp的值的‘info:age’字段
hbase(main):016:0>delete 'member','temp','info:age'
0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds
hbase(main):018:0>get 'member','temp'
COLUMN                                  CELL
0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds

6.删除整行

hbase(main):001:0>deleteall 'member','xiaofeng'
0 row(s) in 0.3990seconds

7.查询表中有多少行：
hbase(main):019:0>count 'member'
2 row(s) in 0.0160seconds

8.给‘xiaofeng’这个id增加'info:age'字段，并使用counter实现递增
hbase(main):057:0*incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COUNTER VALUE = 1

hbase(main):058:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COLUMN                                  CELL
info:age                            timestamp=1321590997648, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01
1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds

hbase(main):059:0>incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COUNTER VALUE = 2

hbase(main):060:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COLUMN                                  CELL
info:age                            timestamp=1321591025110, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02
1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds

获取当前count的值
hbase(main):069:0>get_counter 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COUNTER VALUE = 2

9.将整张表清空：
hbase(main):035:0>truncate 'member'
Truncating 'member'table (it may take a while):
- Disabling table...
- Dropping table...
- Creating table...
0 row(s) in 4.3430seconds
可以看出，hbase是先将掉disable掉，然后drop掉后重建表来实现truncate的功能的。